Ratchet wheel one tooth forward, the pawl jewel is fixed to the watch frame and prevents Solved in the following way: the index jewel is connected to the fork and pushes the The problem of turning the linear motion of the fork into a circular motion of the hands is The result is a very smallĮlectric current and a prolongued battery life. The movement of the permanent magnet in the driving-coil alsoĬauses an induction voltage opposing the power cell voltage. The drive-coil becomes a magnet and gives an impulse to the The transistor 'switches on',īecomes a conductor instead of a resistor and the electrical current is able to start flowing Generates an induction voltage on the base of the transistor. When the left magnet on the tuning fork moves to the right, the phase-sensing coil Of the tuning fork is controlled by a transistorised circuit in the following way: The 'Bulova Accutron' has a frequency of 360 oscillations per second (360 Hz). The history of the development of the transistor will be dealt with in the next paragraph about watches with balance wheel and transistor. of Neuchâtel.Īt this time four million 'Bulova Accutrons' have been sold since production started. The first tuning fork wrist watches are registered at the Observatory of Neuchâtel by Ebauches S.A. In different trips into space with the 'Explorer' and the 'Apollo', the 'Bulova Accutron' is used by astronauts with full satisfaction. The 'Bulova Accutron' is chosen to be buried for a time period of 5000 years on the grounds of the New York World Fair in order to save it for future generations as an example of one of the 44 most innovative objects to be invented during the last two and a half decades. The sale of the Accutron starts on October 25th. By comparison, a selfwinding watch at that time contained about 136 parts, 26 of them moving. Cased in steel, gold or platinum, the number of parts had been dramatically reduced to a mere 27 of which only 12 were moving parts. Eisenhower and known for hisparticipation in the Normandy Offensive, announces the Bulova Accutron caliber 214, the first electronic watch in the world. On October 10th, the new president of the Bulova Watch Co., Omar N. The start of the production-engineering phase takes off. The Bulova Accutron is developed by team work of two scientists: Max Hetzel and William O. Max Hetzel goes to New York with his family and becomes Chief Physicist at the headquarters in Jackson Heigts, New York. in New York, Arde Bulova, and his engineers become enthusiastic about the tuning fork system. In Switzerland many doubted whether 'The Accutron' would become successful. In November, the first prototype wristwatch is made to function.Įight watch-sized models are produced in Bienne. In June, the first useful batteries suitable for watches, invented by Mallory, become available. The ATO electronic pendulum clock is shown at the CIC in Paris, the first clock in the world with a transistor and without electrical contacts. The patent application is filed in Switzerland on June 19th 1953 under no. The length of the tuning fork was five centimeters. Max Hetzel receives the first useful transistors, the 'CK 722', from Raython USA and produces his first working model by hand. The qualification 'electronic': the world-famous 'Bulova Accutron'. Thus, Max Hetzel developed the first watch in the world that truly deserved This outstanding engineer was the first one to use an electronic device, a transistor in a Watch Company of Bienne, Switzerland, in 1948. School as an electronic engineer, worked on TV and Communications and joined the Bulova Max Hetzel was born in Basle in 1921, graduated in 1946 at the Zurich Federal Polytechnic Swiss engineer Max Hetzel in 1952 to look into the possibility of the application of a higher That the American army was in need of a better time base for their instruments, asked the Therefore the Bulova Watch Company Switzerland, knowing The low frequency of the balance wheel made it impossible to improve the accuracy of the
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